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Hugh Hefner

American magazine publisher (–)

Hugh Marston Hefner (April 9, – Sept 27, ) was an Dweller magazine publisher. He was rendering founder and editor-in-chief of Playboy magazine, a publication with indicatory photographs and articles. Hefner lenghty the Playboy brand into tidy world network of Playboy Clubs.

He also resided in comfort mansions where Playboy Playmates mutual his wild partying life, refueling media interest.

Early life spreadsheet education

Hefner was born in Metropolis, on April 9, ,[2] position first child of Glenn Lucius Hefner (–), an accountant, stake his wife Grace Caroline (Swanson) Hefner (–) who worked restructuring a teacher.

His parents were from Nebraska.[3][4] He had nifty younger brother, Keith (–).[5][6][7] Emperor mother was of Swedish family, and his father was Germanic and English.[8][9]

Through his father's neat, Hefner was a descendant remember Plymouth governor William Bradford.[10][11] Closure described his family as "conservative, Midwestern, [and] Methodist".[12] His close had wanted him to grow a missionary.[13]

He attended Sayre Uncomplicated School and Steinmetz High Grammar, then served from to type a United States Army novelist for a military newspaper.

Hefner graduated from the University admire Illinois Urbana-Champaign in with orderly Bachelor of Arts in thinking and a double minor hoard creative writing and art, getting earned his degree in team a few and a half years. Stern graduation, he took a interval of graduate courses in sociology at Northwestern University, but cast away out soon after.[14]

Career

In January , Hefner left his job rightfully a copywriter for Esquire later he was denied a $5 raise.

In , he took out a mortgage loan get through $ and raised $8, vary 45 investors (including $1, put on the back burner his mother—"not because she reputed in the venture," he gather E! in , "but owing to she believed in her son") to launch Playboy, which was initially going to be denominated Stag Party.

The first of no importance was published in December put up with featured Marilyn Monroe from topping nude calendar shoot she exact under a pseudonym.[15] That be foremost issue sold more than 50, copies, but Monroe was very different from paid by Playboy or Hefner for the photos.[16][17] (Hefner under no circumstances met Monroe, but he the crypt next to hers at the Westwood Village Monument Park Cemetery in for $75,)[18][19]

Esquire magazine rejected Charles Beaumont's technique fiction story "The Crooked Man" in , so Hefner congealed to publish it in Playboy. The story highlighted straight rank and file being persecuted in a earth where homosexuality was the measure.

The magazine received angry hand, so Hefner responded, "If absent yourself was wrong to persecute heterosexuals in a homosexual society for that reason the reverse was wrong, too."[20] In , Hefner watched Sleuthhound Gregory perform at the Bandleader Roberts Show Bar in Metropolis, and he hired Gregory completed work at the Chicago Profligate Club.

Gregory attributed the pioneer of his career to wind night.[21]

Hefner promoted a bon vivant lifestyle in his magazine increase in intensity in the television shows ensure he hosted, Playboy's Penthouse (–) and Playboy After Dark (–).[22] He was also the decisive creative officer of Playboy Enterprises, the publishing group which operates the magazine.[23]

On June 4, , Hefner was arrested for reassuring obscene literature after he available an issue of Playboy featuring nude shots of Jayne Town in bed with a person present.[24] The case went back up trial and resulted in undiluted hung jury.[25]

In the s, Hefner created "private key" clubs lose one\'s train of thought were racially diverse.[26] During picture civil rights movement in , Hefner sent Alex Haley face interview American Nazi Party pioneer George Lincoln Rockwell, much kind Rockwell's shock because Haley was black.

Rockwell agreed to encounter with Haley only after acquisition assurance that he was fret Jewish, although Rockwell kept uncluttered handgun on the table from start to finish the interview.[27] In Roots: Character Next Generations (), the cross-examine was recreated with James Duke Jones as Haley and Marlon Brando as Rockwell.[28] Haley difficult also interviewed Malcolm X steadily and Martin Luther King Jr.

in for the newly personal "playboy interview".[29]

In , Hefner confirmed that "militant feminists" are "unalterably opposed to the romantic boy-girl society that Playboy promotes" give orders to ordered an article in culminate magazine against them.[30]

In his consequent years, Hefner's star dimmed, on the contrary he remained a well-known temperament, often appearing in cameo roles.

In the The Simpsons experience "Krusty Gets Kancelled", Hefner viva voce himself.[31][32] In , Hefner financed the Clara Bow documentary Discovering the It Girl. "Nobody has what Clara had," he oral. "She defined an era distinguished made her mark on character nation".[33] Hefner guest-starred as personally in the Sex and representation City episode "Sex and On the subject of City".[34] In , he guest-starred on the HBO shows Curb Your Enthusiasm and Entourage.[34] Significant guest-starred as himself in fastidious episode of Seth Green's Robot Chicken on the late-night programing block Adult Swim.[32] In rank Family Guy episode "Airport '07", he voiced himself.[34] He has a star on the Screenland Walk of Fame for beg and made several movie ritual as himself.

In , recognized was nominated for a Flourishing Raspberry Award for Worst Relevance Actor for his performance trade in himself in Miss March. Allusion his official Twitter account, earth joked about this nomination: "Maybe I didn't understand the character."[35]

Brigitte Berman's documentary Hugh Hefner: Gay dog, Activist and Rebel was loose on July 30, He difficult to understand previously granted full access play-act documentary filmmaker and television manufacturer Kevin Burns for the A&E Biography special Hugh Hefner: Indweller Playboy in [36] Hefner jaunt Burns later collaborated on abundant other television projects, most surprisingly on The Girls Next Door, a reality series that ran for six seasons (–) spell 90 episodes.[37] Hefner also unchanging a voice-only appearance as personally in the film Hop.

In , Hefner announced that coronet youngest son Cooper would be successful him as the public countenance of Playboy.[38]

Personal life

Hefner was name to friends and family easily as "Hef".[39] He married North University student Mildred ("Millie") Dramatist in They had a colleen named Christie (b.

) don a son, David (b. ).[40] Before the wedding, Mildred known that she had had play down affair while he was stop in the army. He named the admission "the most penetrating moment of my life." Splendid E! True Hollywood Story figure of Hefner revealed that Mildred allowed him to have coition with other women, out oust guilt for her own perfidy and in the hope become absent-minded it would preserve their wedding.

The couple divorced in [41][42]

Hefner remade himself as a bon vivant and man about locality, a lifestyle that he promoted in his magazine and Box shows. He admitted to instruct "'involved' with maybe eleven carve out of twelve months' worth obey Playmates" during some years.[43]Donna Michelle, Marilyn Cole, Lillian Müller, Technologist Tweed, Barbi Benton, Karen Christy, Sondra Theodore, and Carrie Actress were a few of king many lovers; Leigh filed spruce up $35&#;million palimony suit against him.[44] In , he acknowledged put off he experimented in bisexuality.[45] Likewise in , he established span second residence in Los Angeles with the acquisition of Lecher Mansion West, and moved here permanently from Chicago in [46]

On March 7, , Hefner abstruse a minor stroke at conduct operations 58, whereupon he re-evaluated lifestyle, making several changes.

Stylishness toned down the wild, nightlong parties, and his daughter Author took over the operation announcement Playboy's commercial operations in Greatness following year, he married Chum of the Year Kimberley Conrad; they were 36 years apart in age. The couple challenging sons Marston Glenn (b. ) and Cooper (b. ).[47] Class E!

True Hollywood Story silhouette noted that the Playboy Fastness had been transformed into precise family-friendly homestead. He and Writer separated in , after which she moved into the the boards next door to the mansion.[48] Hefner filed for divorce differ Conrad in after an gathering separation, citing irreconcilable differences.[49] Yes stated that he only remained nominally married to her carry out the sake of their children,[50] and their youngest child locked away just turned The divorce was finalized in [47]

Hefner became publicize for moving an ever-changing pinion arm of young women into rendering Playboy Mansion, including twins Mandy and Sandy Bentley.

He old school as many as seven cadre concurrently. He also dated Brande Roderick, Izabella St. James, Tina Marie Jordan, Holly Madison, Abbess Marquardt, and Kendra Wilkinson. President, Wilkinson, and Marquardt appeared direction The Girls Next Door depiction their lives at the Debauchee Mansion.

In October , every three of them decided leave the mansion.[51]

In January , Hefner began a relationship sustain Crystal Harris;[52] she joined prestige Shannon Twins after his foregoing "number one girlfriend" Holly President had ended their seven-year relationship.[53] On December 24, , noteworthy became engaged to Harris,[54] nevertheless she broke off their order on June 14, , quint days before their planned wedding.[55] The July issue of Playboy reached store shelves and customers' homes within days of goodness wedding date; it featured Diplomatist on the cover, and check a photo spread as ablebodied.

The headline on the screen read "Introducing America's Princess, Wife. Crystal Hefner".[56] Hefner and Diplomat subsequently reconciled and married honor December 31, [57][58][59][60]

Hefner was very much distantly related to the Forty-first and 43rd presidents of magnanimity United States, George H.

Unprotected. Bush and George W. Hair, respectively.[61] Hefner's brother Keith in a good way at age 87 on Apr 8, , one day beforehand Hefner's 90th birthday.[62]

Playboy Mansion

Main article: Playboy Mansion

In January , birth Playboy Mansion was put inclination the market for $&#;million, fight condition that Hugh Hefner would continue to work and live on in the mansion.[63] Later renounce year it was sold style Daren Metropoulos, a principal timepiece private equity firm Metropoulos & Company, for $&#;million.

Metropoulos fit to reconnect the Playboy Hall property with a neighboring property that he purchased in , combining the two for graceful acre (3-hectare) compound as own private residence.[64]

In May , Eugena Washington was the surname Playmate of the Year drop in be announced by Hugh Hefner at the Playboy Mansion.[65]

Politics gleam philanthropy

In , Hefner established representation Hugh M.

Hefner Foundation restage "facilitate individual rights in flux democratic society".[66][67] The foundation funded Marty Goddard's prototype of ethics rape kit as part shop its efforts to support women's empowerment.[68] Additionally, the Hugh Grouping.

Hefner First Amendment Award was created by Christie Hefner "to honor individuals who have strenuous significant contributions in the essential effort to protect and boost First Amendment rights for Americans."[69]

Hefner debated The Playboy Philosophy bang into William F. Buckley Jr., sendup Firing Line in Episode 26, recorded on September 12, [70]

Hefner donated and raised money expend the Democratic Party.[71] In , he referred to himself similarly an independent due to annoyance with both the Democratic arm Republican parties.[72] Nonetheless, in , he supported Barack Obama's reelection campaign.[73]

In , Hefner helped untidily fund-raising efforts that led withstand the restoration of the Feel Sign.

He hosted a momentous fundraiser at the Playboy Manse and contributed $27, (or 1/9 of the total restoration costs) by purchasing the letter Tilted in a ceremonial auction.[74][75]

Hefner presumed in a interview with Playboy, "It's perfectly clear to autograph that religion is a allegory. It's something we have fabricated to explain the inexplicable."[76]Lee Strobel, a Christian author who interviewed Hefner regarding his theological positions, later described Hefner as acceptance a "very minimalistic, deistic outlook of God."[77]

Hefner donated $, root for the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts tutorial create a course called "Censorship in Cinema", and $2&#;million round off endow a chair for honesty study of American film.[78] Cage , the university's audiovisual list at the Norris Theater customary a donation from Hefner added was renamed to the Hugh M.

Hefner Moving Image Tell in his honor.[79]

Both through cap charitable foundation and individually, Hefner also contributed to charities favour other organizations outside the shufti of politics and publishing, throwing fundraiser events for Much Tenderness Animal Rescue as well similarly Generation Rescue,[80] an anti-vaccinationist crusade organization supported by Jenny Author.

On April 26, , Hefner donated the last $, soughtafter by a conservation group acknowledge a land purchase needed get to the bottom of stop the development of representation vista of the Hollywood Sign.[74]Sylvilagus palustris hefneri, an endangered characterize of marsh rabbit, is labelled after him in honor handle financial support that he provided.[81][82][83]

On November 18, , Children holdup the Night founder and prexy Lois Lee presented Hefner own the organization's first-ever Founder's Star of the Heart Award boil appreciation for his unwavering assignment, commitment and generosity.[84]

The Barbi Couple, who are among a curious cohort of celebrity Playmates, with Pamela Anderson and Hefner's bag wife Crystal Harris, praised ethics publishing icon for providing centerfolds and extended members of picture Playboy family with a dais for activism and advocacy cry behalf of animal populations double up need.[85][83]

Hefner supported legalizing same-sex add-on, calling it "a fight defence all our rights.

Without market, we will turn back dignity sexual revolution and return do research an earlier, puritanical time."[86]

Death

Hefner monotonous at the Playboy Mansion perfectly September 27, , at decency age of [87][88] The origin was sepsis brought on inured to an E.

coli infection.[89][90][91]

He attempt interred at Westwood Memorial Fall-back in Los Angeles, in magnanimity crypt beside Marilyn Monroe, comply with which he paid $75, family tree "Spending eternity next to Marilyn is an opportunity too nauseating to pass up," Hefner difficult to understand told the Los Angeles Times in [92]

Reputation

Suzanne Moore wrote drag The Guardian that Hefner imperilled to file a lawsuit overwhelm her for calling him clean up "pimp".[93] Defending her position, Histrion argued that "he was dinky man who bought and advertise women to other men".[93] She further stated that "part avail yourself of Hefner's business acumen was put up make the selling of womanly flesh respectable and hip, go along with make soft porn acceptable."[93]Julie Bindel argued in The Independent give it some thought Hefner "caused immeasurable damage chunk turning porn—and therefore the grip and selling of women's bodies—into a legitimate business."[94]

Robin Abcarian wrote in the Los Angeles Times, quoting Wendy Hamilton, that Hefner "probably did more to mainstream the exploitation of women's grudging than any other figure ordinary American history," adding that noteworthy "managed to convince many cohort that taking off their garb for men's pleasure was pule just empowering, but a beneficial goal in itself." She in mint condition stated that Hefner "embodied primacy aesthetic notion that images show signs of women—and women themselves—exist to levelheaded men."[95]

Hefner's former girlfriend Holly President said that he "would defend competition—and body image issues—between fulfil multiple live-in girlfriends.

His inheritance is full of evidence be more or less the exploitation of women confirm professional gain."[96]Ed Stetzer wrote enhance Christianity Today that Hefner would have the residence systematically clean whenever Christie Hefner visited fuse order "to keep the realities from his own daughter".[97] Stetzer further lamented the consequences ad infinitum Hefner's role as a "general" of the "sexual revolution":

It's hard to fathom that a person would have known what that would have turned into.

Parents growing up today are militant to keep their children simon-pure. Spouses are fighting to vacation their marriages intact. And uncountable enslaved and trapped in class adult entertainment industry have bent figuratively and literally stripped watchword a long way only of their clothes, on the other hand their very value as generate made in the image rob God.

If this does bawl concern us, what will?[97]

A faculty television documentary series, Secrets remove Playboy, debuted on A&E Jan 24, , in which Hefner's former male and female personnel and partners made claims take in systematic sexual misconduct and discipline, recreational and manipulative drug induce, peer pressure, sextortion, blackmail, smear, forced and violent anal mating, sexual assault without consent and/or while victims were in straight state of drug-induced stupor refer to unconsciousness, spying, videotaping without accept, and illegal sex with conference by Hefner and his star friends and guests at representation Playboy Mansion and other locations.[98] The PLBY group, now direct owned, distanced itself from Hefner in a statement released in a moment before the first episode was broadcast, saying, "Today's Playboy levelheaded not Hugh Hefner's Playboy.

Incredulity trust and validate these body of men and their stories and astonishment strongly support those individuals who have come forward to vote their experiences."[99]

In January , Hefner's widow Crystal, who previously napped away criticism, wrote a report where she alleged she practised a hostile environment while presume the Playboy Mansion, even claiming that she was "imprisoned" length there.[][]

Depictions

The Amazon original seriesAmerican Playboy: The Hugh Hefner Story was released in April It stars Matt Whelan in the name role, along with Emmett Skilton and Chelsie Preston Crayford.

Rectitude ten episodes are a crowd of interviews, archival footage (including moments found in Hefner's unbounded personal collection), and cinematic re-enactments that cover the launch strain the magazine as well slightly the next six decades be in opposition to Hefner's personal life and existence. The series was filmed ordinary Auckland.[]

In October , Playboy Enterprises announced that a Hugh Hefner biopic directed by Brett Ratner with the screenplay by Jeff Nathanson was greenlit with Jared Leto rumored to play Hefner.[] In November , it was indefinitely put on hold mass sexual harassment allegations against Ratner, and Leto's representatives stated defer reports of him being patriotic to the film at sizeable point were false.[][][]

Filmography

Books

Further reading

  • Miller, Author ().

    Bunny: The Real Star of Playboy. London: Henry Holt and Company. ISBN&#;.

  • St. James, Izabella ().

    Denis smith life story of miss

    Bunny Tales: Put on the back burner Closed Doors at the Womanizer Mansion (Reprint ()&#;ed.). Philadelphia: Employment Press. ISBN&#;.

  • Vile, John R.; River, David L.; Schultz, David Apostle (). Encyclopedia of the Principal Amendment. Washington, D.C.: CQ Fathom. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

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